Naming Compounds

Okay so the most common system for naming compounds is IUPAC (unfortunately I do not remember what this stands for though). The compounds which we learned about are:

Ions

Multivalent Ions
Binary Ions
Polyatomic Ions

Molecular Compounds

Hydrates
and
Acids/Bases
Of course some of these have already been explained in previous blogs so i won't go over all of them, just the ones we did in class.

Multivalent Ions -elements that can form more than one ion (ie. Tin has a +4 and +2 charge)

Thus I will teach you how to differentiate which charge it is without using the roman numeral way (Tin(II)).

It's quite simple actually if you are using the larger charge you add -ic on to the end the smaller charge is -ous, easy right? Oh and you take off any other suffix's. So for example Manganous Oxide. MO. However some of the ions don't sound very good when you just add the ending on so of course there are a few exceptions for the rule such as:

Fer-Iron

Cupp-Copper

Mercur-Mercury

Stann-Tin

Aunn-Gold

Plumb-Lead 

And I'm sure someone will realize that Fe 2+ is Ferrous easily making a....
How funny......



Next up...
Hydrates

These are basically water molecules, there's water inside of the molecule, and said water can be released with heat.

Now what to call these things, just follow these simple steps and you will be able to name hydrates (it's a very useful skill I'm sure, or at least I think)

1)write the chemical formula

2)add a prefix to show the number of water molecules (prefix's such as mono-, di-,tri-....deca- etc.)

3)write hydrate after the prefix

It's very complex isn't it.

An example of this would be LiF-3H₂O which becomes Lithium Flouride Trihydrate

On to the next topic which is.....
Acids and Bases
(don't worry this one is very brief)
Basically an acid has Hydrogen in it you add -ic onto the end and put in the word acid afterwards, for example SCNH is Thiocyanatic Acid.
Bases are a cation and hydroxide, the only thing you do for this is add Hydroxide on to the end of the name, it's pretty easy, as easy as KOH results in Potassium Hydroxide.
However I must leave now because I am about to eat dinner